Hydrometallurgy

Hydrometallurgy

CuSO4 Electrowinning with Crystallization

In copper SX processes, the copper extracted from the aqueous feed solution into the solvent is replaced by hydrogen ions given up by the solvent. The aqueous therefore becomes more acidic as it loses copper. To reclaim (strip) the copper from the solvent, this reaction is reversed by contacting the solvent with a more highly … Read more

How to Remove Fluorine from Copper Concentrates

Some copper deposits presents a small amount of fluorine associated with copper sulfide ores. Depending on the initial fluorine content and the mineralogical characteristics of the ore, the fluorine may report to the copper concentrate as an impurity. Fluorine levels of more than 200 ppm are subject to penalties in their commercialization. The presence of … Read more