Cadmium Recovery from Lead
Greenockite is the only known cadmium mineral of importance. It occurs rather universally, in minor concentrations, as a secondary mineral in sphalerite deposits. The world’s cadmium output is obtained through the processing of metallurgical by-products, largely from the treatment of residues from electrolytic zinc, retort zinc and lithopone plants. These sources are supplemented by the […]
Extractive Metallurgy of Aluminum
Metallic aluminum is not found in nature, but the oxides, hydroxides, and especially the silicates are plentiful. The estimated percentage of aluminum in the crust of the earth is about 8 pct while that of iron is about 5 pct. By far the larger portion of this is combined with silica in the form of […]
How to Produce Ammonium Sulphate and Manganese Oxides
Manganese Products, Inc. has developed a sulphurous-sulphuric acid leaching process for the recovery of manganese from low-grade, intermediate manganese ores. By the term “intermediate manganese ores” is meant those ores in which the manganese in the form of manganese oxides is found to have two different valences, usually two and four, as is probable in […]
Leaching Manganese Ore with Caustic Soda
All of our larger domestic deposits of manganese are very low grade, but estimated tonnages in these deposits are large enough to constitute a potential strategic reserve of manganese for emergency periods, provided these ores can be upgraded sufficiently to meet industrial specifications. Many types of processes have been suggested for upgrading these ores, several […]
New Solvent Extraction Techniques for Uranium Purification
This paper reviews several new applications of solvent extraction developed in conjunction with a research project carried out under the AEC Raw Materials Division by the Dow Western Division laboratories during the last two years. Several methods for direct solvent leaching of ores have been investigated by AEC contractors. The method studied at this laboratory […]
Molybdenite Leaching Kinetics
High temperature-high pressure techniques have long been used to great advantage in the organic chemical industry, the petroleum industry, and the paper industry. Only recently, however, have these methods been used to extract metals from their ores on a commercial scale. The Chemical Construction Corp., together with interested producers of nickel and cobalt, has done […]
Gallium Purification
The acid leaching technique has been reported to produce gallium in which no impurities are detectable spectroscopically. Zone-refining, however, appears very effective in removing trace metallic impurities, but comparatively ineffective in removing the surface oxide film. The low melting point and relatively high thermal conductivity of gallium introduce some difficulty in maintaining frozen and molten […]
Hydrometallurgy of Uranium
During the radium boom in the early part of the twentieth century, the basic chemistry of uranium was fairly well defined. Uranium production has progressed from the status of a radium byproduct to a very important industry. With the ever increasing need for more efficient and cheaper methods of processing uranium ores, new techniques are […]
Hydrometallurgy of Copper-Zinc Concentrates
A Survey of the Japanese chemical industry in 1949 revealed, among other things, that sulphur-bearing blast furnace gas from the Kosaka smelter of The Dowa Mining Co. Ltd., Kosaka, Japan, was being exhausted to the atmosphere as waste. This evaluation revealed a relatively new type of roaster, the Dorrco FluoSolids reactor, which was reported to […]
Refining of Nickel Copper Cobalt Mattes by Pressure Leaching and Hydrogen Reduction
The paper is based on laboratory and pilot plant investigations which led to the development of a series of processes for production of high purity metals from nickel-copper-cobalt mattes of a wide range of opposition. Matte Refining The application of these processes to the refining of mixed base metal mattes is governed by several factors, […]