Attapulgite Ceramics
The term attapulgite and palygorskite are synonomous. Most mineralogists use the term palygorskite but attapulgite is the preferred industrial term. The structural formula of attapulgite is (OH2) (OH)2, Mg5 si8 O20 · 4H2O. The oxide composition of attapulgite is 53.64% SiO2 8.76% Al2O3, 0.60 TiO2, 3.36% Fe2O3, 0.23% FeO, 2.02% CaO, 9.05% MgO, 10.89% H2O+, 9.12% […]
Conveyor Stacker Controls
Stacker control devices can range from minimal stockpile level sensors to quite complex control systems depending on the desired degree of automation. For the simple fixed stacker, a basic stockpile level sensor to prevent the stockpile from getting too high is often the only stacking control required. This level sensor can be just a simple […]
Beehive Oven
During the latter half of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth, the major percentage of metallurgical coke produced in the United States came from beehive ovens. It was not until 1893 that the first battery of by-product ovens came into operation (at Syracuse, N. Y.), and only in 1919 did the total […]
Froth Flotation: A Century of Innovation
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Glass Working
Before starting to work at Practical Chemistry it is necessary that the student should have some knowledge of how to cut, bend, draw down, and round off the ends of glass tubing, make closed and bulbed tubes, mend test- tubes, top and bottom, and fit up a decent wash-bottle. In this chapter is included also […]
Copper Oxide Leaching
Effect of Time in Reheating Quenched Steel
A study on the effect of time in tempering medium-carbon steel, when the following conclusions were reached: It is not fair to consider the question settled when only three specimens were used for each treatment, but the results obtained indicate that for reheating quenched medium-carbon steel to temperatures below 500° it is only necessary to […]
Effect of Sulfur and Oxides in Ordnance Steel
In the manufacture of gun forgings and other steel parts that, in service, are subject to sudden high stresses and shocks, it is most desirable to use steel possessing the greatest toughness and ductility possible without sacrifice of strength. In order to obtain this condition, it is necessary to procure steel that shows the highest […]
Crystal Structure using X-ray Spectrometer
“It would seem as if the methods used to date for the elucidation of this complex problem have yielded all they are capable of yielding and that further straining of these methods will only serve to confuse the issue, the point having been reached when this juggling, no matter how skilfully done, with allotropy, solid […]
Molybdenum Steel Alloys
It is twenty years since the writer made his first molybdenum steels and others were making them commercially five years earlier but the prevailing opinion seems to be that molybdenum steels are new; from time to time the daily press speaks of important discoveries in Europe and intimates that American steel makers have much to […]