During roast, virtually all the iron in the concentrate feed is converted into zinc ferrite which remains almost inert in the neutral-leach stage. In order to recover zinc incorporated in ZnO·Fe2O3, a follow-up treatment of the leach residue is required. Ferric chloride is one of the ideal agent for the direct leaching of sphalerite. But … Read more
The analytical procedure for determining the potential for a lead containing waste to be classified as a hazardous solid material was the E.P. toxic character test, which used an acetic acid extraction procedure. If the leach liquor from that test contained more than 5 mg Pb/l then the waste was classified as a hazardous waste. … Read more
The stability of a liner system is influenced by many factors which can be compiled into four basic groups. They are: the liner system components and physical characteristics; the geometry and slope of the liner system; the loading conditions on the liner system; and the foundation conditions under the liner system. Failures in the liner … Read more
A background on the history of boron is useful for those not familiar with the industry. More than 4,000 years ago, goldsmiths may have found the first commercial use for borax as a flux in making jewelry. Boron is found commercially in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Peru, Russia, Turkey, and the United … Read more
Mineral Park Geology The Mineral Park mine is located in the central part of the Wallapai mining district of northern Arizona. Mineral Park is a copper-molybdenum deposit within and adjacent to a Laramide quartz monzonite porphyry intrusion. Minable copper reserves have been estimated to exceed 40 million tons of .2 pct or greater. The geology … Read more
Individual Lift Height The height of each lift, or bench, of ore placed on the leach pad determines the area of liner required for a given amount of ore before subsequent lifts are placed over the first lift. The higher the lift height, the less liner required (at least initially), the higher the solution grade, … Read more
Reagent conditioning is recognized for its effect on flotation. Among the individual conditioning parameters that were identified to significantly affect the phosphate grade and recovery were reagent dosage, pH, solids content, conditioner configuration, conditioning time, mixing intensity, and the presence of residual clay (Davis, 1992). However, preliminary results identified the conditioning time and mixing intensity … Read more
This method may be economical for certain low-grade deposits by minimizing the transport of material to the surface for the recovery of valuable mineral. Application of the in situ stope leaching technique is site specific and would require detailed site characterization studies for preparation of an environmental impact statement and permitting for its design, construction, … Read more
PT Freeport Indonesia operates two parallel concentrators for copper-gold flotation at their Tembagapura operations in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Overall and Stage Performances Freeport staff used the assays from the survey samples along with the material balance program BILMAT to obtain a consistent circuit balance. These results are summarized in Table 1. Pyrite recoveries shown … Read more
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) has conducted major cooperative research efforts with the United State Department of Energy (DOE) and industrial organizations since the autumn of 1988 on the development of a process for direct steelmaking. This research has been inspired by the fact that the direct iron reduction smelting process holds several … Read more