High-volume, low-pressure water jets have been employed for erosion of loosely consolidated rocks for centuries. This excavation method finds application in specialized circumstances even today.
World resources of cobalt appear ample for the foreseeable future; however, political and economic events have caused concern over the availability and reliability of an
Underground in situ leaching is a method of in situ leaching which takes advantage of existing underground mine workings to gain preferential access to a
Grinding is generally considered to be a size reduction operation. However, in most cases the primary objective of grinding is the liberation of valuable minerals
Bacterial extraction of gold from sulfide bearing ores has been studied by many investigators. If gold occurs finely disseminated within the sulfide ore matrix such
Flotation feed was obtained at the various preparation plants by diverting slurry from either the thickener feed, classifying cyclone overflow or fine refuse sump depending
In the 1940’s a top blown water-cooled oxygen lance was developed to inject oxygen into liquid iron. This process, the LD or BOF process technique,
Recently, details of a study optimizing gallium and germanium extraction from zinc residues using H2SO4 leaches was published. In the process, filtrates containing gallium and
Some factors adversely affect the efficiency of anionic flotation of phosphate in the absence of sodium silicate, thereby decreasing the concentrate grade. Impurities originally present
Chemical Processes-Pigment Grade Titanium Dioxide by Hydrochloric Acid Leaching The following reactions give the chemistry of this process: CaTiO3 + 4HCl = TiOCl2 + CaCl2