underground mining
Geology

Underground Mining

In this module, I’ll take you through the key aspects related to underground mining activities. In this module, we will look at economic considerations in

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open pit mining pros and cons
Geology

Safety in Open Pit Mining

Welcome back to the surface mining model. In the previous topic, we learned about different types of surface mining operations, about equipment, about different methods

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mining excavation methods (1)
Equipment

Mining Excavation Methods

In the previous topic, we saw that blasting is the mining operation used to break the rock mass in order to facilitate the removal of

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open pit mining operations (1)
Equipment

Open Pit Mining Operations

The previous topic has established that surface mining operations include several main activities that include the ore extraction or mine of the material, the overburden

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surface mining
Geology

Surface Open-pit Mining

First of all let’s define what we mean with surface mining. Surface mining means the extraction of mineral deposits or coal reserves or stones of

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Types of Rock Failure

Rock mass failure does not always involves discontinuities. There are cases, especially for excavations, like the tunnel you see on this photo where the stress

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rock joint failure
Geology

Rock Joint Failure

In previous topics, we have seen that discontinuities constitutes as a weakness in the rock mass. In fact, failure of a slope, for example, is

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Geology

Ground Rock Stress Distribution

In previous topics, we’ve discussed strengths of materials because failure typically occurs when stresses exceed the strengths, it is important to know the stress distribution

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